A Study on Mongolia’s Language Governance Model from the Perspective of Multi-Agent Collaboration

Abstract

In an era of Globalization, balancing national language sovereignty with the need for global participation is a critical challenge. Fang (2025) defines language governance as a social practice where governments, markets, communities, and individuals collaborate to manage language resources effectively. This study examines language governance in Mongolia through policy analysis and qualitative interviews. By upholding Article 8 of its Constitution, Mongolia protects the status of its native language (Монгол Улсын Үндсэн хууль, 1992). Meanwhile, initiatives like "Vision 2050" and the "National Program for Mongolian Script III" work to strengthen cultural unity (Монгол Улсын Их Хурал, 2020a; Монгол Улсын Засгийн газар, 2020). In education, the country follows a "native-first, foreign-use" approach. Through the cooperation of the government, schools, businesses, and families, Mongolia successfully maintains a dynamic balance between protecting its own language and meeting the practical demands of foreign language learning. This research confirms the practical value of the language governance framework.